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I think you missed the point. See: <a href="https://nlnetlabs.nl/documentation/unbound/howto-optimise/" data-outlook-id="8b6faa86-00bb-4ea2-b2de-66abbdfc1b3c">
https://nlnetlabs.nl/documentation/unbound/howto-optimise/</a></div>
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<span style="color: rgb(33, 37, 41); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">Set </span>
<span style="color: rgb(36, 41, 46); background-color: rgba(27, 31, 35, 0.05);"><tt class="docutils literal" style="text-decoration:none;box-sizing:border-box;font-family:fira-mono, monospace;font-size:0.87rem;padding:0px 4px;line-height:13.92px;color:rgb(36, 41, 46);background-color:rgba(27, 31, 35, 0.05);border-radius:3px;text-align:left">
<div dir="ltr" style="margin-right: 40px; margin-left: 40px;">*-slabs</div>
</tt></span><span style="color: rgb(33, 37, 41); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"> to a power of 2 close to the
</span><span style="color: rgb(36, 41, 46); background-color: rgba(27, 31, 35, 0.05);"><tt class="docutils literal" style="text-decoration:none;box-sizing:border-box;font-family:fira-mono, monospace;font-size:0.87rem;padding:0px 4px;line-height:13.92px;color:rgb(36, 41, 46);background-color:rgba(27, 31, 35, 0.05);border-radius:3px;text-align:left">
<div dir="ltr" style="margin-right: 40px; margin-left: 40px;">num-threads</div>
</tt></span><span style="color: rgb(33, 37, 41); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"> value. Do this for
</span><span style="color: rgb(36, 41, 46); background-color: rgba(27, 31, 35, 0.05);"><tt class="docutils literal" style="text-decoration:none;box-sizing:border-box;font-family:fira-mono, monospace;font-size:0.87rem;padding:0px 4px;line-height:13.92px;color:rgb(36, 41, 46);background-color:rgba(27, 31, 35, 0.05);border-radius:3px;text-align:left">
<div dir="ltr" style="margin-right: 40px; margin-left: 40px;">msg-cache-slabs</div>
</tt></span><span style="color: rgb(33, 37, 41); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">,
</span><span style="color: rgb(36, 41, 46); background-color: rgba(27, 31, 35, 0.05);"><tt class="docutils literal" style="text-decoration:none;box-sizing:border-box;font-family:fira-mono, monospace;font-size:0.87rem;padding:0px 4px;line-height:13.92px;color:rgb(36, 41, 46);background-color:rgba(27, 31, 35, 0.05);border-radius:3px;text-align:left">
<div dir="ltr" style="margin-right: 40px; margin-left: 40px;">rrset-cache-slabs</div>
</tt></span><span style="color: rgb(33, 37, 41); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">,
</span><span style="color: rgb(36, 41, 46); background-color: rgba(27, 31, 35, 0.05);"><tt class="docutils literal" style="text-decoration:none;box-sizing:border-box;font-family:fira-mono, monospace;font-size:0.87rem;padding:0px 4px;line-height:13.92px;color:rgb(36, 41, 46);background-color:rgba(27, 31, 35, 0.05);border-radius:3px;text-align:left">
<div dir="ltr" style="margin-right: 40px; margin-left: 40px;">infra-cache-slabs</div>
</tt></span><span style="color: rgb(33, 37, 41); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"> and
</span><span style="color: rgb(36, 41, 46); background-color: rgba(27, 31, 35, 0.05);"><tt class="docutils literal" style="text-decoration:none;box-sizing:border-box;font-family:fira-mono, monospace;font-size:0.87rem;padding:0px 4px;line-height:13.92px;color:rgb(36, 41, 46);background-color:rgba(27, 31, 35, 0.05);border-radius:3px;text-align:left">
<div dir="ltr" style="margin-right: 40px; margin-left: 40px;">key-cache-slabs</div>
</tt></span><span style="color: rgb(33, 37, 41); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">. This reduces lock contention.</span></div>
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<span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">I service several hundred thousands of simultaneous clients with 10,000s queries per second on only 12 threads. Cache response time is less than 1ms, average response time is < 10ms. My hosts (I have 3 of
them) have 16 threads/cores each, I leave 4 threads to do some server busy work like stats and logs collection. More threads doesn’t always mean better performance and in your case since your slab count is low you’re going to have a lot of lock contention.</span></div>
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Cheers</div>
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<b>From: </b>sir izake <sirizake@gmail.com><br>
<b>Date: </b>Wednesday, 26 November 2025 at 7:35 pm<br>
<b>To: </b>Seth Van Buren <seth.vanburen@versent.com.au><br>
<b>Cc: </b>unbound-users@lists.nlnetlabs.nl <unbound-users@lists.nlnetlabs.nl><br>
<b>Subject: </b>Re: How to measure cache hit resolution time in unbound 1.24.1<br>
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<div dir="ltr" class="ms-outlook-mobile-reference-message skipProofing">Hi Seth</div>
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<div dir="ltr" class="ms-outlook-mobile-reference-message skipProofing">The server is dedicated for this purpose hence the high number of threads</div>
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<div dir="ltr" class="ms-outlook-mobile-reference-message skipProofing">below configs are in place:</div>
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<div dir="ltr" class="ms-outlook-mobile-reference-message skipProofing">num-queries-per-thread: 4096</div>
<div dir="ltr" class="ms-outlook-mobile-reference-message skipProofing">msg-cache-size: 10G</div>
<div dir="ltr" class="ms-outlook-mobile-reference-message skipProofing">rrset-cache-size: 20G</div>
<div dir="ltr" class="ms-outlook-mobile-reference-message skipProofing">key-cache-size: 1G</div>
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<div dir="ltr" class="ms-outlook-mobile-reference-message skipProofing">Thank you</div>
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<div dir="ltr" class="gmail_attr">On Wed, Nov 26, 2025 at 3:34 AM Seth Van Buren <<a href="mailto:seth.vanburen@versent.com.au" data-outlook-id="0c01ee5c-75c5-4d46-940c-9a8a69ceb7b4">seth.vanburen@versent.com.au</a>> wrote:</div>
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Your thread should be equal to or lower than the number of slabs.</div>
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The thread count seems extremely high, you should not need so many. You should set num-queries-per-thread. Try 16384</div>
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Can you also paste your memory settings and Cache settings?</div>
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<b>From: </b>sir izake <<a href="mailto:sirizake@gmail.com" target="_blank" data-outlook-id="8756acf5-e0bf-49ba-b2ec-a1a230dee1b7">sirizake@gmail.com</a>><br>
<b>Date: </b>Tuesday, 25 November 2025 at 8:08 pm<br>
<b>To: </b>Seth Van Buren <<a href="mailto:seth.vanburen@versent.com.au" target="_blank" data-outlook-id="5b7f4877-9e25-456d-bfcf-fbc36a1cc037">seth.vanburen@versent.com.au</a>><br>
<b>Cc: </b><a href="mailto:unbound-users@lists.nlnetlabs.nl" target="_blank" data-outlook-id="7272e90b-a8e8-4ffc-8c07-e0b725af7e6b">unbound-users@lists.nlnetlabs.nl</a> <<a href="mailto:unbound-users@lists.nlnetlabs.nl" target="_blank" data-outlook-id="6ba1f01b-8cab-484a-8b13-37fe964ca1d0">unbound-users@lists.nlnetlabs.nl</a>><br>
<b>Subject: </b>Re: How to measure cache hit resolution time in unbound 1.24.1<br>
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<div dir="ltr">Hi Seth</div>
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<div dir="ltr"> num-threads: 64</div>
<div dir="ltr">msg-cache-slabs: 32</div>
<div dir="ltr">rrset-cache-slabs: 32</div>
<div dir="ltr">infra-cache-slabs: 32</div>
<div dir="ltr">key-cache-slabs: 32</div>
<div dir="ltr">ratelimit-slabs: 32</div>
<div dir="ltr">ip-ratelimit-slabs: 32</div>
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<div dir="ltr">The physical server is a dell 640 with specs below</div>
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<div dir="ltr">hw.ncpu: 104</div>
<div dir="ltr">hw.model: Intel(R) Xeon(R) Gold 6230R CPU @ 2.10GHz</div>
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<div dir="ltr">Thank you</div>
<div dir="ltr">Isaac </div>
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<div dir="ltr" class="gmail_attr">On Tue, Nov 25, 2025 at 5:13 AM Seth Van Buren <<a href="mailto:seth.vanburen@versent.com.au" target="_blank" data-outlook-id="e9e5d818-91fa-4f24-9537-54de24027799">seth.vanburen@versent.com.au</a>> wrote:</div>
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Home many cores/slabs are you using?</div>
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<b>From: </b>Unbound-users <<a href="mailto:unbound-users-bounces@lists.nlnetlabs.nl" target="_blank" data-outlook-id="fa1750ce-c1ce-46ff-abf2-c5622e3e3a51">unbound-users-bounces@lists.nlnetlabs.nl</a>> on behalf of sir izake via Unbound-users <<a href="mailto:unbound-users@lists.nlnetlabs.nl" target="_blank" data-outlook-id="d4648d3f-0d8c-4be4-b72e-9f4de32246bd">unbound-users@lists.nlnetlabs.nl</a>><br>
<b>Date: </b>Tuesday, 25 November 2025 at 2:51 pm<br>
<b>To: </b><a href="mailto:unbound-users@lists.nlnetlabs.nl" target="_blank" data-outlook-id="9dc029cf-2db5-466d-badf-33afd82cfa43">unbound-users@lists.nlnetlabs.nl</a> <<a href="mailto:unbound-users@lists.nlnetlabs.nl" target="_blank" data-outlook-id="eea88868-d178-4a43-bc87-12fff296a747">unbound-users@lists.nlnetlabs.nl</a>><br>
<b>Subject: </b>How to measure cache hit resolution time in unbound 1.24.1<br>
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<div dir="ltr">Hi </div>
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<div dir="ltr">I have installed unbound 1.24.1 on FreeBSD 14.3 OS. My cache hit rate is 76% with over 20% coming through recursive replies.</div>
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<div dir="ltr">The median time for recursive replies is 440ms while the avg is 520ms. </div>
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<div dir="ltr">This setup has been running for over 72hrs. I expect stats to improve but that is not happening.</div>
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<div dir="ltr">Just wanted to find out if there is a way to measure the cache hit resolution time in a dashboard?</div>
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<div dir="ltr">Can I do anything to improve cache hit ratio?</div>
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<div dir="ltr">Can I also improve the recursive reply time?</div>
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<div dir="ltr">I am using unbound_exporter to monitor stats in grafana</div>
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<div dir="ltr">My configs have been adjusted as follows:</div>
<div dir="ltr">rrset-cache-size: 20G <br>
msg-cache-size: 10G <br>
cache-min-ttl: 1800</div>
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<div dir="ltr">I am using the root hint files directly on the server for recursive lookup and not forwarding to any public resolver</div>
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<div dir="ltr">Thank you </div>
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<div dir="ltr">Regards,</div>
<div dir="ltr">Isaac </div>
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